Showing posts with label Hysterectomy. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Hysterectomy. Show all posts

Saturday, 30 June 2012

Carcinoma Cervix

The TNM staging system for cervical cancer is analogous to the FIGO stage.


  • Stage 0 – full-thickness involvement of the epithelium without invasion into the stroma (carcinoma in situ)


  • Stage I – limited to the cervix



    • IA – diagnosed only by microscopy; no visible lesions


      • IA1 – stromal invasion less than 3 mm in depth and 7 mm or less in horizontal spread

      • IA2 – stromal invasion between 3 and 5 mm with horizontal spread of 7 mm or less




    • IB – visible lesion or a microscopic lesion with more than 5 mm of depth or horizontal spread of more than 7 mm


      • IB1 – visible lesion 4 cm or less in greatest dimension

      • IB2 – visible lesion more than 4 cm






  • Stage II – invades beyond cervix


    • IIA – without parametrial invasion, but involve upper 2/3 of vagina

    • IIB – with parametrial invasion




  • Stage III – extends to pelvic wall or lower third of the vagina


    • IIIA – involves lower third of vagina

    • IIIB – extends to pelvic wall and/or causes hydronephrosis or non-functioning kidney




Stage IV-Distant spread


  • IVA – invades mucosa of bladder or rectum and/or extends beyond true pelvis

  • IVB – distant metastasis


Key Points:4stages, each having two subdivisions A and B.No mention of LN status,Ascites.


Treatment


Tumour <5mm-Conization(to preserve fertility)or hysterectomy


Invasive lesions not extending to abdominal viscera or distal vagina-Hysterectomy+Chemotherapy+Radiotherapy


Recurrent disease- Radiotherapy.